|
Index
A-II spy plane
(later SR-71 ),
34-5, 77
Abel, Co!. Rudolf, 186
ABM (anti-ballistic missiles),
210,315-19
Actus Technology, 142
Adoula, Cyril, 31
Aero Associates, 144
AFL-CIO, 52, 395
Africa, West, 191
African Research Group, 33
Agency for International Development
(AID), 48, 59, 62,
123,140,245 n., 248 n., 373;
in Chilean election, 1964,
16 n.; people-to-people
exchange programs, 52-3
Agnew, Spiro, 294 n.
Agree, George, 381
Air America, 59-61, 118, 120,
137,139-42,149,150,238,
244,254
Air Asia, 60, 61,137,139,142,
149,150,238
aircraft, spy planes, 207-8, 302-4,
332; see aLso SH-71; SR-71;
U-2
Air Force, 77, 86, 298; Air Asia
and, 142; contribution to
CIA, 62; in Cuban missile
Air Force (continued)
crisis, 308, 310; intelligence
services, 87-90, 303; missiles,
316; MOL (manned orbiting
laboratory), 97-8; Peshawar
base, 301; Security Agency,
198; SOFs, 109; spy planes,
207-8,302-4
airlines owned by CIA, 137-53,
238
Albania, guerrilla movement
attempted, 23, 112
Allende, Salvador: election, 1970,
14-19,65 n., 296-7, 350-1;
overthrown and killed, 19-20
Alsop, Joseph, 164, 318, 354
Alsop, Stewart, 327-8
Altschul, Frank, 381
ambassadors, CIA relationship
with, 44, 46, 339-41
American Committee for Liberation,
135
Amory, Robert, Jr., 35, 278, 306,
337,352,381
Anaconda Copper, 15, 65 n.
Anderson, Adm. George, 334, 341
andn.
Anderson, Jack, 18,351
Angola, 144
Ankara, 184
IV Index
Arab-Israeli conflict, 81 n., 207
Arguedas, Antonio, 130-2, 331
Arlington, Va., 276, 282
Army: in domestic surveillance,
230; G2-type units, 90;
intelligence services, 87-8,
90; Security Agency, 198;
Special Forces, 109, 110, 119,
124,127
Army Magazine, 313-14
Asia Foundation, 23, 172-3
Assistant Secretary of Defense for
Intell igence, 91
Atlantic Monthly, 306-7 n.
Atomic Energy Commission, 92,
347
Attwood, William, 355
Bailey, Pearl, 43
Baker, William, 334 n.
balloons, propaganda, 156-8
Bangkok, 88
Barker, Bernard, 252
Barnds, William, 352 and n., 353,
381
Barrientos, Rene, 126, 128-30
Bartlett, Charles, 350-1
Bay of Pigs invasion, see Cuba
Beecher, William, 318 and n.
Beirut, 253
Bell laboratories, 317
Bender, Frank, 123
Bennett, Lieut. Gen. Donald,
89
Berger, Marilyn, 328
Berlin, 308; crisis of 1961, 219;
tunnel operation, 9, 385
Bernstein, Meyer, 51-2, 381
Berrellez, Robert, 350
Berry, Col. Sidney B., Jr., 381
Bissell, Richard, 44, 47, 49,53,
77, 252,278,323; on
ambassadors, 340; Chief of
Clandestine Services, 33-5;
Council on Foreign Relations
speech, 24-6, 32-3, 35-8,
41, 50, 52, 322, 330, text,
379-98; on Guatemala
operations, 298; replaced by
Helms, 30, 34; on U-2
incident, 356-7
Bittman, Ladislav, The Deception
Game, 174-5
Bolivia, Che Guevara in, 125-32
Boston Symphony Orchestra, 49
Bowles, Chester, 216, 340
Braden, Tom, 25,48-9,51-2,
371,395
Brandt, Willy, 170
Brazil, 268; airplane hijacking in,
250-1; cryptological equipment
for, 85
Britain: intelligence and secret
service, 9, 21,177-8,217,
338-9; Penkovsky as agent,
177,179,264-5; secrecy in,
352; Soviet officials expelled,
364; Special Operations
Executive, J 12
Broe, William, 18-19,65 n.
Brown, Irving, 48
Brown, Sam, 48
Brussels, 254
Budget, Bureau of the, 247, 336,
338,393; see also Office of
Management and Budget
bugging (audio surveillance),
187-91
Bulgaria, broadcasts to, 167
Bunker, Ellsworth, 45-6, 340
Burdick, Eugene, 27
Burgess-McLean affair, 177, 385
Burke, Adm. Arleigh, 30
Busby, Fred, 323
Cabell, Maj. Gen. Charles,
30,34
Cabot, Thomas D., 135
Cambodia: U.S. bombing, 318 n.;
U.S. invasion, 272, 332
Camelot, Project, 16
Camp Hale, Colo., 115
Camp Peary, see Farm, The
Canada, CIA in, 268
Canal Zone, CIA training base,
110, 124, 283
Canton, 156
Caramar (Caribbean Marine
Aero Corporation), 136
Carlson, Alex E., 138-9 n.
Carter, Lieut. Gen. Marshall, 30,
359
Case, Clifford, 170, 227
Castro, Fidel, 34, 40, 53; assassination
planned, 306-7 n.; and
Che Guevara, 125, 128; and
Soviet missiles, 306-7, 311;
U.S. plots to overthrow,
29-30,122,239,296,299,
304-5
Catledge, Turner, 358; My Life
and The Times, 357
CBS (Columbia Broadcasting
System), 355
Central Intelligence Act (1949),
8,63,148,248,268,322
Cerf, Bennett, 359
Chennault, Gen. Claire, Flying
Tigers, 137
Cherne, Leo, 334 n.
Index v
Chesapeake and Potomac
Telephone Company,
204
Chiang Ching-kuo, 45
Chiang Kai-shek, 45,137,138,
302
Chicago, police trained by CIA,
225
Chile: Allende overthrown and
killed, 19-20; election, 1964,
15-16 n., 40; election, 1970,
6,14-19,40,65 n., 296-7,
329,350-1; embassy in
Washington burglarized, 20;
Project Camelot in, 16
China, Chiang Kai-shek's
government, 137
China, Nationalist, 45,114; CAT
air transport for, 13 7-40;
and U.S. intelligence service,
302; see also Taiwan
China, People's Republic of, 79,
163,302; balloon propaganda
in, 156-8; CIA paramilitary
operations in, 23,
112-14,244; CIA surveillance
in, 7, 9, 10, 35, 138,
139,303,310 n., 332; cultural
revolution, 156; espionage
against, 199, 200, 206-8,
384; "Great Leap Forward,"
116; missile program,
espionage on, 194, 196; radio
broadcasts to, 158-60; Red
Guards, 156-8, 160-1;
Tibetan revolt against,
115-17, 143,358;
U-2 plane shot down,
310n.
China Air Lines, 139-40
vi Index
CIA (Central Intelligence Agency):
airlines owned by, 137-53,238
blacks and other minority
groups in, 279-80
budget presented to Congress,
345-7
Cable Secretariat, 70
case officers, relationship with
agents, 263-7, 269-71
chief of base, 71
chief of station, 44, 71
clandestine mentality, 5-6,
249-54,272-5
Clandestine Services, 9, 15 n.,
22-3,45,108,123,126,247,
263,268,286,334-5,341;
and airlines, 146-53; in
Cuban intervention, 305-6,
311; domestic surveillance,
228-30,234,237; employees,
273,275; espionage, 71-3,
184,185, 186n., 188,191,
194,202,212-16; and 40
Committee, 327-30, 333;
operations, 25, 27, 30-5,
39-40,53,127-8; organization,
58, 59, 62, 67, 70-74,
78; press relations, 354, 363;
propaganda, 156,159,162,
166, 168, 177; recommendations
on, 375-7, 392
Communications, Office of, 74
control of: by ambassadors,
339-41; by Congress, 324-5,
341-9,374-5; by40Committee,
325-33; by PFIAB
and OMB, 334-9
cost and financing of, 58-66
Counterintelligence Staff, 72,
212, 2~3-14 n.
CIA (continued)
covert action, see covert action
Covert Action Staff, 26, 72,
156,162,175,229
Cunningham's study of, 96-7
Deputy Director (DDCI), 67
Director (DCI), 67, 206,325,
327; and covert action, 40;
in intelligence community,
80-1,84,92,102-4,331;
office of, 67, 70
Directorate of Operations, see
Clandestine Services above
Director's Contingency Fund,
63,64
and dissident or protesting
groups, 229-30
Domestic Contact Service, 229,
236-7
Domestic Operations Division,
72,228-9,276
domestic surveillance, 224-40
economic operations, 53-4
espionage, see espionage;
intelligence community
establishment of, 8, 21-2, 323
Executive Committee for Air,
151
Far East Division, 244
FII CI projects, 212
Finance, Office of, 73
Foreign Intelligence Staff, 72,
202,212
in foreign policy, 291-300
General Services Administration,
58 n.
headquarters and other buildings,
275-8
Historical Intelligence CoHec
tion, 287
CIA (continued)
Historical Staff, 70
Intelligence Directorate, 73,
75-6,159,222,233,236,
237,305-6,354,363
Intelligence Resources Advisory
Committee, 67, 89 n.
investments, 64-5, 65 n.
Katzenbach committee investigation
of, 49-51,170,172
Kennedy's action on, 29-30,
33-4,371
and labor organizations, 48-9,
51-2,395
Logistics, Office of, 74
Management and Services Directorate,
73-4, 78-9, 212, 277
Medical Services, Office of, 74
Missions and Programs Staff, 73
National Estimates, Board of,
16,67 and n., 152,314-15
National Estimates, Office of,
85,89,280
National Intelligence Officers,
67 and n., 315
Operational Services Division,
73
organization of, 67-79
Personnel, Office of, 74
personnel policies and benefits,
284-7
Planning, Programming, and
Budgeting Staff, 146, 169,
337
police training by, 224-6, 234
President's authority over,
40-1,54,296-8,324,333
press and, 349-67
private organizations, connections
with, 47-52
Index vii
CIA (continued)
propaganda, see propaganda
and disinformation
proprietary organizations,
133-53
publications, 287-8
recruitment of personnel, 234,
238-9,255-9,279-80
Science and Technology Directorate,
62, 73, 75-7, 94, 190,
194,233
secrecy in, 5-7, 252-3, 269-75,
296
secretarial staff, 280-1
secret history of, 288-9
Security, Office of, 73-4,212,
232-3
security precautions, 273-5,
281
Senior Executive Group, 96-7
size of, 23, 58-61
social class and snobbery in,
278-80
Southeast Asia programs,
244-8; see also Laos;
Vietnam
Soviet Bloc Division, 177,215,
216,229
special operations (paramilitary),
108-32
Special Operations Division,
26, 72, 108-10, 113, 118,
119,124-5,153,229
tactics, 21, 41-2, 44-7
Technical Services Division, 73,
188,190
termination of service in, 267-9
Training, Office of, 74, 97
training of personnel, 109-11,
262-3,281-3
VIII Index
CIA (continued)
universities, connections with,
59-60,232-5,280
in Watergate scandal, 11,
226-7,347-8,366-7
Western Hemisphere Division,
229
women in, 280-1
Ciano, Count Galeazzo, 288
Civil Aeronautics Board, 147
Civil Air Transport (CAT), 29,
116,137-40,150,151 n.,238
Clark, Ramsey, 144
Clay, Gen. Lucius, 169
Clifford, Clark, 334
Cline, Ray S., 45, 92
code breaking, 197-202
Colby, William, 19,67, 70, 78,
104,226, 229, 314, 344 n.,
372; as Director, appointment,
248-9; on Laos operations,
324-5; press relations,
354-5; Senate confirmation
hearings, 231-2, 236-40;
in Southeast Asia programs,
244-8
Cold War, 7,8,11,25,112,370;
espionage in, 197,211,219-
20; propaganda in, 156,167,
171
Columbia Forum, 358-9 n.
Combat, Le, 165
COMINT (communications intelligence),
25,93,197,202
Committee to Re-Elect the
President (CREEP), 56, 347
communism: containment of, 4,
9-10,23,25,251,370-1;
defectors from, 174, 184-7,
215-16,256,365; radio
communism (continued)
propaganda against, 167-9
Congo, 143,340; Che Guevara in,
125-6; CIA intervention in,
31,117-18,136,149
Congo, Democratic Republic of
(Zaire), 125-6
Congress, 8, 102;CIA controlled
by, 324-5, 341-9,374-5; and
intelligence on Soviet Vnion,
319-20; in Watergate affair,
341,342,347-8
Connally, John, 334 n.
Continental Airlines, 140-1
Cooper, John Sherman, 344 n.
Cooper, Wayne, 245
Council on Foreign Relations,
278; Bissell's speech, see
Bissell, Richard
counterespionage, V.S. and Soviet
Union, 211-21, 376-7
covert action, 21-54, 78-9, 377;
CIA Directors, decisions, 40;
in Cold War, 23-5; President's
authority in, 40-1;
special operations (paramilitary),
t08-32; in Third
World, 26-9; in World War II
and later, 21-2; see also
Bissell, Richard, Council on
Foreign Relations speech
cryptology, 196-202
Cuba: Bay of Pigs invasion, 6, to,
29-31,33-4,40,94,110,
114,117,121-3,135-6,
138-9 n., 144, 149,304-7,
311,328,330,357-8,
358-9 n., 360,371,392;
CIA plans, 296, 299, 304-9;
CIA's small operations
Cuba (continued)
against, 30, 53, 122-3,
135-6; hijacked airplane
flight to, 250-1; missile crisis,
178-9,288,307-12,335,
358, 366; sugar trade disrupted,
53-4; U-2 flights
over, 308, 310 and n.
Cuban exiles, 30-1, 122,239,
307-8,357
Cummings, Samuel, 136
Cunningham, Hugh, study of
CIA, 96-7
Cyprus, 159,341 n.
Czechoslovakia, 185,393;
intelligence service, 175;
Soviet action against,
210,335
Daily Worker, The, 165
Dalai Lama, 115-17
Daniel, Clifton, 355, 358, 362
Debray, Regis, 127, 129, 131
Defense Department, 59, 66, 75,
77,124,142,160,250,341,
382; contribution to CIA, 62;
dissident groups, surveillance
of, 91; in espionage, 196-7,
206; in intelligence community,
80, 81,91,95,99-
101; and intelligence estimates,
314-15; intelligence
services, Fitzhugh recommendations
on, 86, 91, 100-1;
Laos operations, 245 n.;
missile information, 318
Defense Intelligence Agency
(DIA), 88-9, 91, 99, 309,
315,336
Defense Investigative Service, 91
Index ix
Defense Mapping Agency, 91
Delaware Corporations, 134
Denver, Colo., 231
Deriabin, Peter, 179
Dibble, Arnold, 139 n.
Dien Bien Phu, 138
Dillon, C. Douglas, 32, 381
disinformation, see propaganda
and disinformation
Donovan, Gen. William, 8
Doole, George, Jr., 60,150-3
Double-Chek Corporation, 135-6,
138 n.
Doubleday and Company, 179
Downey, John, 114, 139
drugs, CIA interest in, 235 n.,
254
Dryfoos, Orvil, 357
Dulles, Allen, 8, 24-6, 29, 30, 33,
35,89,94,253,278,282,
331,342,345,356,362,381;
and Bay of Pigs invasion,
304-6,311-12,358; Chief of
Clandestine Services, 23; The
Craft of Intelligence, 177,
326; on intelligence work,
22; on KGB, 370; press
relations, 353-4; replaced
as CIA Director, 30, 34
Dulles, John Foster, 29, 114
Eaton, Frederick, 98
EC-121 spy plane, 208,303,332
Egypt, 200
Eisenhower, Dwight D., 29, 283,
297-8, 334; and Cuban
operations, 296, 306; denies
CIA intervention in Indonesia,
114; summit meeting
with Khrushchev, 302
x Index
Eisenhower administration, 6,
301,307,340,357
Electric Boat Division of General
Dynamics, 122
ELI NT (electronic intelligence),
93
Ellender, Allen, 325 n., 343
Ellsberg, Daniel, 74; burglary of
his psychiatrist's office, 226,
250
Encounter, 49
espionage, 79, 183-240; air reconnaissance,
196-7, 302-4;
audio surveillance (bugging
and wire tapping), 187-91;
CIA in, 87, 92-4,184-206,
208,211-21,227-40,375-7,
383-7; code breaking and
cryptology, 197-202; counterespionage,
U.S. and Soviet,
211-21, 376-7; defectors in,
184-7,215-16,256,365;
domestic surveillance, 224-
40; interception of messages,
197-8, 203-6; satellites and
spy planes, 196-7,206-8,
218; technological methods,
92-4,187-91,196-7,
206-10
Estonian refugees, 239, 323
Farm, The (Camp Peary, Va.),
26,110,225,263,282-3
FBI (Federal Bureau of Investigation),
29, 92, 226, 396;
CIA's friction with, 228, 231;
in counterespionage, 211-12,
376-7; in domestic surveillance,
228, 230-1; wiretapping
by, 204-5
Fecteau, Richard, 114, 139
Federal Aviation Administration,
145
Finney, John, 361
Fitzhugh, Albert, panel, recommendations
on intelligence
services, 86, 91, 100-1
Foochow,156
Foreign Affairs, 352-3
Foreign Broadcasting Information
Service (FBIS), 75, 159, 160
Fort Bragg, N.C., 283
Fort Gulick, Canal Zone, 124,
283
Fort Leavenworth, Kan., 256
Fort Meade, Md., 91,198,200
40 Committee, 14, 15, 17,92,103,
157,162,298,303;CIA
controlled by, 325-33;
members, 327 n.; name
changed, 326 n.
Foster, John, 334 n.
Fox, Co\. Ed, 131
France: CIA in, 25,165; Soviet
espionage in, 217
Frankel, Max, 358-9 n.
Frankfurt, defector reception
center, 174, 185
Franklin, George S., Jr., 381
Frei, Eduardo, 15-16
Fubini, Eugene, 381
Fukien province, 156
Fulbright, J. William, 343-5
Galvin, Robert, 334 n.
Garcia, Jolio Gabriel, 131
Gardner, John, 50
Gayler, Adm., 202
Geneva Accords: 1954,28; 1962,
31
Germany: Nazi, 161; underground
movements in World
War II, 112,244
Germany, West: broadcasts from,
16~ 170;CIAin,25,71,92,
15~ 163,268,384;communist
defectors in, 185-6;
Soviet espionage in, 217
Gibraltar Steamship Company,
135
Godley, G. McMurtrie, 340
Goldberg, Arthur, 144
Gomulka, Wladyslaw, 168
Gonzales, Eddie and Mario, 131
Graham, Maj. Gen. Daniel, 89
and n., 313-14
Gray, Gordon, 334 n.
Great Britain, see Britain
Green Beret murder case, 86
Green Berets, 124
Greene, Graham, The Quiet
American, 27
Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, 308
Guatemala, CIA intervention, 6,
23, 26, 29, 110, 121, 298-9,
355-7
Guevara, Che, 125-32; execution,
129-30
Guinea, Portuguese, 144
Guyana (British Guiana), labor
unions, 52, 395
Halberstam, David, 33
Haldeman, H. R., 230 n.
Hanoi, propaganda in, 164
Harper & Row, Inc., 363-4
Harris, William R., 33, 381
Harrison, Gilbert, 357
Harvard University, Center for
International Affairs, 32-3
Index xi
Havana, 304, 305,307
Hawke, John Richard, 145
Hebert, F. Edward, 342
Heine, Eerik, 239
Helms, Richard, 15, 18,48, 51,59
and n., 60, 65-6, 75, 78, 86
and n., 114, 144,146,149,
248,272,276,288,322,
337,339,344 and n., 345;
and Bay of Pigs invasion, 34;
and Che Guevara, 127, 128;
Chief of Clandestine
Services, 30, 34; discharged,
103; and domestic surveillance,
225, 226, 227 and n.,
228-9,232,235,237,239;
and espionage, 209; and
foreign policy, 295-6; and
intelligence community,
95-9, 103; and National
Security Council, 292-5;
press relations, 360-3, 366;
and propaganda, 166, 178; in
Watergate hearings, 227
Hendrix, Hal, 350, 366 and n.
Hilton, John S., 131
Holmes, Julius L., 381
Honduras, 110, 135
Hong Kong, 158, 159,247,253
Hoover, J. Edgar, 29, 30, 231
House Appropriations Committee,
101
House Armed Services Committee,
100 n., 342
House Foreign Affairs Committee,
19
Houston, Lawrence, 144, 145,
151,364
Hughes, Harold, 248-9, 324, 372
Hughes, Thomas, 35, 381
xii Index
HuH, Gen. John, 334
Humphrey, Hubert, 146
Hungary: broadcasts to, 167;
revolt: 1957,167,168; in
U.N., 144
Hunt, E. Howard, 163 n., 226,
249-50, 306 n., 346 n.
Huston, Tom Charles, 202 n.,
227 n.
India, 110, 216, 340
Indonesia: CIA intervention, 6,
29,40,114,138,166,299;
Soviet personnel in, 308
Intelligence and Research, Bureau
of (INR), 91-2, 99
intelligence community, 79-104,
373-7; CIA in, 80-1, 84-6,
89,92-9, 102-4; classified information,
84 and n.; components
of, 79-81; Fitzhugh
recommendations on, 86, 91,
100-1 ; mil itary services in,
87-90,94; reorganization of,
101-4; size and cost of,
79-80; technological data
collection, 92-4, 187-91,
196-7,206-10
Intelligence Resources Advisory
Committee (lRAC), 81,
98-9
Intermountain Aviation, 110, 137,
143-4, 238
International Armament Corporation
(Interarmco), 136, 153
International Business Machines
(IBM), 257
International Telephone and Telegraph
Company (lIT),
188,308,366 n.; in Chilean
lIT (continued)
election, 1970, 14-15,
18-19,65 n., 350-1
Iran, CIA intervention, 23, 26, 28
Israel: Arab-Israeli conflict, 81 n.,
207; Liberty attacked, 208,
302,332
Italy, CIA in, 25, 165
Jackson, Henry, 318-19
Jaffe, Sam, 355
Janos, Leo, 306-7 n.
Japan: investments in Vietnam,
53; OSS operations against,
112; Pearl Harbor attack,
codes, 191-2 n.
Javits, Jacob, 324
Johnson, KeHy, 34
Johnson, Lyndon B.: on assassination
plot against Castro,
306-7 n.; committee on
CIA's relationship with private
institutions, 49-51, 170;
and intelligence services, 76
and n., 95,102; and OMB,
337; and PFIAB, 335; at
Punta de Este, 64; and
Vietnam war, 245, 246, 298
Johnson administration, 6,97,
123,230,245,248 n., 317
Johnston, Oswald, 354-5
Joint Chiefs of Staff, 89, 99,
217,302-3
Joint Reconnaissance Schedule,
332
Justice Department, 144
Kahn, David, 199 n., 202 n.
Kalb, Marvin, 361
Karamessines, Thomas, 127
Karnow, Stanley, 28, 356 n.
Katmandu, Nepal, 146
Katzenbach, Nicholas, committee
on CIA and private institutions,
49-51, 170, 172
Kennedy, John F., 297-8; and
ambassadors' responsibilities,
340; on assassination of
Castro, 306 n.; and Bay of
Pigs invasion, 6, 29-30,
33-4,122; and CIA, 29-30,
33-4,371; and Cuban missile
crisis, 307, 308, 310, 311;
and Laos intervention, 31;
and PFIAB, 335; press
relations, 357, 358
Kennedy, Robert, 30
Kennedy administration, 33-4,
123, 163 n., 328-9
Kent, Sherman, 393
Khrushchev, Nikita, 218, 220,
302; in Cuban missile crisis,
310-12; de-Stalinization
speech, 24, 181,397; tapes
dictated by, 180 and n.
Khrushchev Remembers, 180-1
Killian, James, 334
King, Martin Luther, 76 n.
Kinshasa, 254
Kishi, Nobusuke, 166
Kissinger, Henry, 76, 81 n., 204,
250, 293, 303, 315;and
Chilean election, 1970, 14,
17, 19,20,372; and intelligence
services, 102-3,326,
329 n., 333; National
Security Council, 67, 70
Koch, Edward, 224-5
Kohler, Foy, 220
Komer, Robert, 246
Index xiii
Korea, North: CIA paramilitary
actions in, 112; espionage
against, 196; Pueblo captured,
199,208,303,332;spy
planes over, 208, 303, 332
Korean war: Clandestine Services
in, 23; intelligence services
in, 87; special operations
(paramilitary), 109, 113
Korry, Edward M., 15
Kraft, Joseph, 35, 317-18, 361,
381
Kwangtung province, 156
labor organizations, CIA and,
48-9,51-2,395
Laird, Melvin, 99-101, 319
Land, Edwin, 334 n., 335-6
Langley, Va., see CIA, headquarters
and other buildings
Lansdale, Brig. Gen. Edward: on
CAT, 137-8, 146; CIA
operations, 27-8, 163-4
Laos: Armee Clandestine, 32,
118,120,244; CIA in, 31-2,
40,59,62,118-19,138,141,
149,244-5,254,297,343,
348; Continental Airlines in,
141; South Vietnamese invasion,
102; U.S. operations in,
245 and n., 298, 324-5, 343
La Paz, Bolivia, 127--:9,132
Latin America, 16; CIA in, 123-5,
142-3, 152 and n., 189,
268-9
leakage of information, 318 and
n.,319
Lederer, William J., and Eugene
Burdick, The Ugly American,
27
xiv Index
Lee Kuan Yew, 300
Lendiris, Nick, 131
Lenin, Nikolai, 282
Leningrad, defense system, 317
Liberty (spy ship), 90, 208, 302,
332
Liddy, Gordon, 346 n.
Little, Brown and Company,
180
Lockheed Aircraft Corporation,
34, 77
Lonsdale, Gordon, 179, 186
Look, 355,359
Lovis, Victor, 180
Luce, Clare Boothe, 334 n.
Luce, Henry, 362
MacArthur, Gen. Douglas, 113
McCone, John, 18,94-5; becomes
CIA Director, 30,306; in
Cuban missile crisis, 309-12;
press relations, 358-9, 363;
resignation, 95
McCoy, Alfred, The Politics of
Heroin in Southeast Asia,
363-4
MacEachron, David W., 381
McGarvey, Patrick, CIA: The
Myth and the Madness,
302-3,344-5
McNamara, Robert, 63, 66,95,
310
McNeil, Wilfred, 65-6
Magsaysay, Ramon, 27-8
Makarios, Archbishop, 341 n.
Malta, 340-1, 341 n.
Mao Tse-tung, 116-17, 161
Marighella, Carlos, 251
Martin, William, 200
Martinez, Eugenio, 58, 239
Massachusetts Institute of Technology,
Center for International
Studies, 175,233-4
Maury, John, 224-5
Mexico City, 268-9
Meyer, Armin, 206
Meyer, Cord, Jr., 363
Miami: CIA proprietary agencies
in, 135-6; Cuban exiles in,
239
Miami Daily News, 366
Michigan State University, 234
Middle East: espionage in, 196,
339; peace talks, 203-4
Millikan, Max, 233
Mintoff, Dom, 341 and n.
Minuteman missile, 218
missiles: ABM, 210, 315-19;
development, Soviet and
U.S., 218-19, 319, 320 and
n.; SAM, 310 and n.
Mitchell, Bernon, 200
Mitchell, John, 14
Mobutu, Joseph, 31, 118
MOL (manned orbiting laboratory),
97-8
Montmarin, Henri Marie
Franc;:oisde Marin de, 145
Moorer, Adm. Thomas, 292 n.
Moscow, defense system, 317
Mossadegh, Mohammed, 29
Mozambique, 144
Muller, Kurt, The Foreign Aid
Programs of the Soviet Bloc
and Communist China, 175
Mulliken, John, 351, 362
Munich, broadcasts from, 167,
168
Murray, Hugo, 131
Mussolini, Benito, 288
Nancahuazu, Bolivia, 126
Nasser, Gamal Abdel, 305
Nation, The, 357
National Committee for a Free
Europe, 135
National Intelligence Estimates,
16,67,81,85,95,307,
309-10,314-15,317
National Intelligence Resources
Board (NIRB), 98-9
National Photographic Interpretation
Center, 75, 276
National Reconnaissance Office
(NRO), 90, 206, 332, 336
National Security Act (1947),8,
92,225,322,323,326,375,
393
National Security Advisor,
40-1
National Security Agency (NSA),
25,235,250,282,323-4,
336, 396, 397; code breaking
and cryptology, 197-202; in
Cuban operations, 308, 309:
Eaton's study of, 98; intelligence
services, 90-1, 98-9,
207-8; interception of
messages, 203-4; KGB
agents in, 217
National Security Council (NSC),
22,67,292-5, 315; and CIA
functions, 8, 22, 41,165,
326; intelligence services
controlled by, 102-3
National Security Intelligence
Directives (NSCIDs),
323-4
National Student Association,
CIA connections with, 47-8,
170,172,232,329,352,396
Index xv
Navy: in Cuban missile crisis,
308; intelligence services,
87-8,90; missile-equipped
submarines, 316; SEALs,
109; Security Service, 198;
spy ships, 207-8; see also
Liberty; Pueblo
Near East, see Middle East
Nedzi, Lucien, 342
Nepal, air transport for, 146-7
Net Assessment Group, 103
New China News Agency, 303
Newhouse, John, Cold Dawn,
320 n.
New Republic, The, 357
news media, CIA and, 349-67
Newsweek, 272, 363
New York, police trained by CIA,
224-5
New York Herald Tribune, 365
New York Times, 24,114,117,
131,150,199 n., 224, 227 n.,
246 n., 252, 298, 318 and n.,
319,342,355,357-8,
358-9 n., 364-5, 366, 397
Ngo Dinh Diem, 28, 114; assassination,
163 n.
Nguyen Van Thieu, 45-6, 246,
330,361
Nicaragua, 110
Nigeria, 159
Nitze, Paul, 99
Nixon, Richard M., 76,248,
329 n., 366 n.; and Chilean
election, 1970, 18,296-7,
372; and domestic surveillance,
227 n., 324; and
intelligence programs, 99-
103,333; ,nci National
Security Council, 292-4; in
XVl Index
Nixon (continued)
Watergate affair, 202 n., 348
Nixon administration, 6, 20, 229,
315,317,318 n., 323, 326,
361,372
Nkrumah, Kwame, 305
North Carolina, CIA base, 110
Norway, air defense equipment
for, 63
Novotny, Antonin, 168,393
nuclear weapons, testing, 86 and n.
Office of Management and Budget
(OMB), 62,79,99,273;
CIA controlled by, 336-9
Office of Naval Intelligence, 90
Office of Policy Coordination
(OPC), 22, 323, 383, 394
Office of Special Operations, 22
Office of Strategic Services (OSS),
8,39,161,165,244,278;
guerrilla operations in World
WarIl, 21,112-13,244
Office of War Information (OWl),
161
Omnibus Crime Control and Safe
Streets Act (1968), 225
Opalocka, Fla., 123
Organization of American States,
64
Pacific Corporation, 60, 61, 137,
139,142,149, 150
Pakistan, 301
Panama, 159; see also Canal Zone
Panchen Lama, 115, 117
Papich, Sam, 231
Pathet Lao, 244, 254
Pavlichenko, Vladimir P., 364
Pearson, Drew, 354
Penkovsky, Oleg, 9,177-9,184,
186,214,215,264-5,270-1,
310,376
Penkovsky Papers, The, 177-9
Pentagon,63-4,297,313-15;
contribution to CIA, 62, 77;
in domestic surveillance, 230;
in espionage, 196-7,208,
209, 218; in intelligence
community, 75, 86 and n.,
89,95,97-9, 102, 104; intelligence
services, Fitzhugh
recommendations on, 86, 91,
100-I; missile program,
ABM, 315-19; Project Camelot,
16; universities and research,
connections with, 233;
see also Defense Department
Pentagon Papers, The, 28, 119,
137,163,318 n., 366
people-to-people exchange programs,
52-3
Peru, CIA in, 124-5
Peshawar, 301
Philby, Harold ("Kim"), 179,
217 and n.
Philippines: Huk insurgency, 114;
Lansdale in, 27-8
PHOTINT (photographic intelligence),
93
"plumbers" group, 11,74,226,
231, 249-50, 318 n., 346 n.,
367
Poland: broadcasts to, 167, 168;
underground operations attempted,
23
Polaris missile program, 90
Polaris submarine, 218
police, CIA training of, 224-6,
234
Pope, Allen, 29, 138 n.
Portugal, 167; aircraft bought for
use in Africa, 143-5
Poseidon missile program, 90
Powers, Francis Gary, U-2 incident,
6, 10,29,34,208,283,
301,302,310 n., 336, 356-7
Praeger, Frederick A., 164
President, authority over CIA,
40-1,54,296-8,324,333
President's Daily Brief, 76
President's Foreign Intelligence
Advisory Board (PFIAB),
334-6
press, CIA and, 349-67
Pritzlaff, John C., Jr., 340-1
propaganda and disinformation.
I 55-81 ; balloons, 156-8;
black, white, and gray,
164-5; communist, 166; defectors
in, 174; disinformation
defined, 165-6; psychological
warfare, 161-4; publications.
164-5, 174-81; radio broadcasts
and monitoring.
158-60,167-70
Proxmire, William, 237
Pucci, Count Emilio, 288
Pueblo ( spy ship) , 90, 199,
207-8,303,332
Pyle, Christopher, 230
Quigg, Philip W., 381
Raborn, Adm. William, 66, 95
RADINT (radar intelligence), 93
radio: interception of messages,
197-8; propaganda broadcasts
and monitoring,
158-60,167-70
Index xvii
Radio Americas, 135
Radio Free Europe (RFE), 23,
40,51,134-5,137,162,
167-70, 173; funds for,
167 n., 169-70
Radio Liberty (RL), 23, 40,51,
134-5,137,162,167-70
Radio Swan, 135
Ramparts. 47,110,130,232,234,
283,395
Random House, 359
Ransom, Harry Howe, 134,381
Raus, Juri, 239
RB-47 spy plane, 208
Reston, James, 358
Reuther, Victor, 48-9, 51-2,
395
Reuther, Walter, 48-9, 51,395
Roberts, Chalmers, 26; First
Rough Draft, 356
Roche, James, 169
Rockefeller, Nelson, 334 n.
Rogers, William, 293-4 n.
Rojas, Herberto, 132
Romania, broadcasts to, 167
Rooney, John, 64
Roosevelt, Kermit, 28
Ross, Thomas B., 48, 359
Rostow, Walt, The Dynamics of
Soviet Society, 175,233-4
Rubins, Jerry, 355
Runge, Yevgeny, 185-6,365-6
Rusk, Dean, 300
Russell, Richard, 65, 66, 342,
344,346
Saigon, 244, 247, 254, 286
Saipan, CIA installation, 110
Salinger, Pierre, 140-1
Salisbury, Harrison, 354
xviii Index
S.A.L.T. agreements, 11, 93, 103,
316, 318 n., 320 and n.
SAM missiles, 310 and n.
San Francisco, 159
satellites, reconnaissance, 7, 35.
76-7,90,94,384; in espionage,
196-7,206-8,218
Saturday Evening Post, 48,51
Saturday Review, 139 n.
Schlesinger, James, 65 n., 67, 77,
89 n., 101, 104,226,237,
248,314
Scoville, Herbert, Jr., 318
Senate Appropriations Committee,
342,343
Senate Armed Services Committee,
78, 342, 344 n.
Senate Foreign Relations Committee,
65 n., 84 n., 103, 170,
225-7,318,342-3, 344n.
SH-71 spy plane, 76
Sidey, Hugh, 362-3
SIGINT (signal intelligence),
93
Silbert, Earl, 249-50
Singapore, 299-300, 332
Smith, Sumner, 135
Smith, Gen. Walter Bedell, 22.
70,383,394
socialist movements, 26
Son Tay camp, 101-2, 102 n.
Sorensen, Theodore C., 35, 381
Southern Air Transport, 29,137,
138 n., 142-3,147, 151 and
n., 152-3,238
Soviet Union, 25, 79,93-4;
balloon propaganda in, 156;
books critical of, 175-8;
CIA failures in, 23-4, 112;
CIA surveillance in, 7, 9,
Soviet Union (continued)
10, 35, 301, 375, see also
U-2 spy plane; counterespionage,
211-21, 376-7;
Cuban missile crisis, 178-9,
288,307-12,335,358,366;
Cuban sugar for, 53-4;
Czechoslovakia invaded, 210,
335; defectors from, 184-7,
215-16,365; defectors to,
200,217; and dissident
groups in U.S., 230; espionage
against, 184-6, 196,
199-200,206-8,384-5;
espionage by, 199-200,210,
364-5; GRU, 214; intelligence
reports on, 312-13,
315-16, 319-20; KGB, 7,9,
15,88,128,166,177,179,
180,185-6,190,211-21,
230,239,261,270,359,364,
365,370; missiles, 218-19,
310 and n., 315-19, 320 and
n.; and Penkovsky case,
177-9; propaganda, 161,
166; radio broadcasts to, 167,
171; reconnaissance of U.S.,
7; in U.N., protests against
sale of aircraft to Portugal,
144; U.N. officialsof, accused
of spying, 364-5
Spain, broadcasts from, 167
special operations (paramilitary),
108-32
Sputnik, 218
SR-71 spy plane (A-Il),
34-5,77,97,197,208,
303
Stalin, Svetlana, 216
Stanton, Frank, 169
State Department, 20, 64, 71, 74,
75,140,145,160,208,
248 n., 272, 286, 303, 314,
332,373,382,397;and
Brazilian airplane hijacking,
250-1; in Chilean election,
1964, 16 n.; communications,
protection of, 205-6, 220-1;
cryptanalytical section, 197;
in intelligence community,
80, 81,91-2,98; Middle
East peace talks, 203-4; and
nuclear weapon testing, 86
n.; people-to-people exchange
programs, 52; and
Soviet missiles, 316
Steakley, Brig. Gen., 90
Stennis, John, 343, 348-9, 375
Stern, Laurence, 15-16 n., 227
Sternfeld, Larry, 13 I
Stevenson, Adlai, 144
Stimson, Henry, 197
Strauss, Lewis, 385
Studies in Intelligence, 287-8
Sukarno, Achmed, 29, 40,114,
138,166,299,305
Sull ivan, William, 231
Sumatra, 29
Swan Island radio station, 135
Symington, Stuart, 313 n., 324,
325,343; amendment to limit
intelligence spending, 343;
subcommittee on American
commitments abroad, 198
Syria, 259
Szulc, Tad, 19, 102 n., 306 n.,
357-8
Taipei, 139, 140
Taiwan, 45; air transport for,
Index xix
Taiwan (continued)
137-40,142; broadcasts
from, 158, 159, 167; propaganda
balloons from, 157-8;
technical espionage installations
in, 301-2; see also
China, Nationalist
Tania, Soviet agent, 128
Taylor, Gen. Maxwell, 30, 137,
334
Taylor, Adm. Rufus, 81, 97
Teheran, 206
telephones, tapping, 188-9,204-5
Teller, Edward, 334 n.
Teran, Mario, 131, 132
Thailand, 118, 141
Thieu, see Nguyen Van Thieu
Third World, 10,234,256,300-1,
371; CIA operations in,
26-7,35,47,149,373,376,
386
Thomas, B. Brooks, 364
Thompson, Llewellyn, 180
Thomsen, Roszel c., Judge,
239-40
Thuermer, Angus, 224
Tibet: air support for, 138-9, 146;
revolt against China, 115-17,
143,358
Time, 351, 356, 362
Time, Inc., 180 and n.
Tonkin Gulf, 119,208
Tonkin Gulf resolution, 119, 141,
244
Tran Ngoc Buu, 52
Treasury Department, 65,92
Truman, David B., 381
Truman, Harry S., 322; CIA
established, 8, 21-2, 323
Tucson, Ariz., 143
xx Index
Tyson's Corner, Va., 276
U-2 spy plane, 7,25, 34, 76, 94,
179,197,208,218,301,302,
336, 382, 388; Cuban flights,
308,310 and n.; Powers's
mission, 6,10,29,34,208,
283,301,302,310 n., 336,
356-7
Udorn, Thailand, 141
Ukraine, guerrilla movement
attempted, 23,112
United Nations, 296; protests
against sale of aircraft to
Portugal, 144; Soviet officials
called spies, 364-5
United States Information Agency
(USIA), 52-3, 140, 170,373
United States Intelligence Board
(USIB), 16-17,81,84-6,89,
92,206,316,318; in Cuban
missile crisis, 308-10; Watch
Report, 84-5
universities, CIA connections
with, 59-60, 232-5, 280
Vang Pao, Gen., 118
Vanguard Service Corporation,
135
Verification Panel, 103
Vienna, 265-6
Vientiane, 118
Vietcong, 119-21; CIA tactics
against, 245-6
Vietminh, 163-4
Vietnam, 340,366; air transportation
in, 141-2, 149; blackmarket
currency, 247-8,
253; CIA in, 31-2, 40, 53,
59,114,119-21,245-8;
Vietnam (continued)
Counter Terror (CT) program,
245; intelligence
services in, 87; International
Supervisory and Control
Commission, 142; Japanese
investments in, 53; Johnson
administration in, 6, 245,
248 n.; labor movement, 52;
Lansdale in, 28, 163-4; Laos
invaded by South Vietnamese,
102; Nungs, 119-20;
Phoenix counterintelligence
program, 19,246 and n.;
police-training program, 234;
Provincial Interrogation Centers,
245-6; Provincial Reconnaissance
Units (PRUs), 245;
U.S. commitment in, 297-8
Vietnam, North, 31; Chinese support
of, 157; CIA operations
in, 119,244; CIA propaganda
in, 163-4; espionage
against, 196; refugees, 138;
Son Tay camp, 101-2, 102 n.
Wall Street Journal, 174-5
Washington, D.C., CIA buildings,
275-6
Washington Monthly, 230
Washington Post, 227, 327, 356
andn.
Washington Star-News, 354
Watergate burglary, 20, 58, 226,
252
Watergate scandal, 202 n., 226-7,
248-50,371,375; CIA in,
11,226-7,347-8,366-7;
Congress and, 341,342,
347-8; hearings, 227, 230 n.
weapons, outlawed, training with,
111-12
weapons-detection system, 121
Welles, Benjamin, 364-6
Whalen, Lieut.Col.W. H., 217-19
Wheelon, Albert ("Bud"), 94,
345-6
Wicker, Tom, 350, 366
Wise, David, 48, 134,246 n., 361,
365; The Politics 0/ Lying,
358
Wise, David, and Thomas Ross,
The Invisible Government,
359
Wisner, Frank G., 22, 23, 286,
353-4,383,394
Index XXI
World War II: counterespionage,
211; intelligence services,
197; ass guerrilla operations,
21, 112-13, 244;propaganda,
161
Wynne, Greville, Contact on
Gorky Street, 179-80
Yemen, Soviet forces in, 308
Young, Milton, 178
Zaire (Democratic Republic of
Congo), 125-6
Zorza, Victor, 179
A Note on the Type
The text of this book was set on the Linotype in a face called Times
Roman, designed by Stanley Morison for The Times (London) and first
introduced by that newspaper in 1932.
Among typographers and designers of the twentieth century, Stanley
Morison has been a strong forming influence, as typographical adviser
to the English Monotype Corporation, as a director of two distinguished
English publishing houses, and as a writer of sensibility, erudition,
and
keen practical sense.
Composed, printed, and bound by The Haddon Craftsmen, Inc., Scranton,
Pennsylvania.
Return to Table of Contents
|